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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ksma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кубанский научный медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-6228</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9544</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kuban State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25207/1608-6228-2018-25-4-115-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ksma-1311</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА НИЗКОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ ПЕРЕЛОМОВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RISK FACTORS OF LOW-ENERGY FRACTURES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>НУРУЛЛИНА</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>NURULLINA</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Коммунаров, 281, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426034</p><p>Россия, 426034, г. Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kommunarov Street, 281, Izhevsk, Russia, 426034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dalllila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>АХМАДУЛЛИНА</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>AKHMADULLINA</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Коммунаров, 281, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426034</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kommunarov Street, 281, Izhevsk, Russia, 426034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>КРАСНОПЕРОВА</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>KRASNOPEROVA</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Воткинское шоссе, 57, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Votkinskoe shosse Street, 57, Izhevsk, Russia, 426000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>АЛЕКСЕЕВА</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ALEKSEEVA</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Воткинское шоссе, 57, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Votkinskoe shosse Street, 57, Izhevsk, Russia, 426000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>АЛЕКСАНДРОВА</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ALEKSANDROVA</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Воткинское шоссе, 57, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Votkinskoe shosse Street, 57, Izhevsk, Russia, 426000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ЧЕРНОВА</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>CHERNOVA</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Воткинское шоссе, 57, г. Ижевск, республика Удмуртия, Россия, 426000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Votkinskoe shosse Street, 57, Izhevsk, Russia, 426000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ижевская государственная медицинская академия" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Удмуртской республики "Первая республиканская клиническая больница Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской республики"<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The first republican clinical hospital MZ UR<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НУРУЛЛИНА Г.М., АХМАДУЛЛИНА Г.И., КРАСНОПЕРОВА О.В., АЛЕКСЕЕВА М.М., АЛЕКСАНДРОВА О.В., ЧЕРНОВА А.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НУРУЛЛИНА Г.М., АХМАДУЛЛИНА Г.И., КРАСНОПЕРОВА О.В., АЛЕКСЕЕВА М.М., АЛЕКСАНДРОВА О.В., ЧЕРНОВА А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">NURULLINA G.M., AKHMADULLINA G.I., KRASNOPEROVA O.V., ALEKSEEVA M.M., ALEKSANDROVA O.V., CHERNOVA A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1311">https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1311</self-uri><abstract><p>Остеопороз – это метаболическое заболевание костной ткани, которое характеризуется нарушением качественных (изменение микроархитектоники) и количественных  характеристик (снижение костной массы) скелета, и вследствие этого –  низкоэнергетическими переломами. Медико-социальное значение остеопороза обусловлено  его последствиями: переломами шейки бедра, тел позвонков, лучевой кости и других  крупных костей скелета, что приводит к снижению качества жизни пациентов и влечет за  собой значительные финансовые затраты на лечение и реабилитацию. Во всех странах  мира, в том числе в Российской Федерации, отмечается значительный рост  распространенности сахарного диабета (СД). Длительное время СД и остеопороз  рассматривались как отдельные заболевания. Во многих проспективных масштабных  исследованиях было доказано, что пациенты с СД2 имеют больший риск падений и развития переломов, нежели в общей популяции. Несмотря на повышение риска переломов у  пациентов с диабетом, стратификация риска у этих пациентов по-прежнему отсутствует.  Связь между классическими факторами риска остеопоротических переломов (таких как  хронический прием глюкокортикоидов, употребление алкоголя или табака и т. д.) и  возникновением переломов аналогична у пациентов как с СД 2, так и без него. Однако  необходимо учитывать другие факторы, характерные для СД. Специфическими факторами  риска переломов у пациентов с СД являются: продолжительность диабета более 10 лет,  декомпенсация диабета, тяжесть диабета, ожирение, частота падений, гипогликемии,  инсулинотерапия, терапия тиазолидиндионами, эксенатидом, препаратами  сульфонилмочевины и, возможно, канаглифлозином, снижение 25 (ОН) витамина D,  функциональный гипопаратиреоз, повышение склеростина, пентозидина, снижение минеральной плотности кости (МПК) бедра.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease of the bone tissue, which is characterized by a violation of the qualitative (microarchitecture  change) and quantitative characteristics (decreased bone mass) of  the skeleton, and, as a result, lowenergy fractures. The medical and  social significance of osteoporosis is due to its consequences:  fractures of the femoral neck, vertebral bodies, radius and other  large bones of the skeleton, which significantly reduces the quality of patients’ lives and entails significant financial costs for treatment and rehabilitation.  Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly  increases in all countries of the world, including the Russian  Federation. Diabetes and osteoporosis were considered to be  individual diseases for a long time. In many prospective large-scale studies it was proved that patients with T2DM have a greater risk of  falls and fractures in contrast with the overall population. Despite the increased risk of fractures in diabetic patients, there is still no risk  stratification in these patients. The link between the classic risk  factors of osteoporotic fractures (such as chronic intake of  glucocorticoids, use of alcohol, tobacco, etc.) and the occurrence of  fractures is similar in patients with both T2DM and without it.  However, it is necessary to take into account other characteristics of  diabetes. The specific risk factors of fractures in T2DM patients are  duration of the diabetes for more than 10 years, diabetes decompensation, the severity of diabetes, obesity, the frequency of  falls, hypoglycemia, insulin, thiazolidinedione, exenatide, sulfonylureas, canagliflozin therapy, and, most likely, the reduction  of 25 (OH) vitamin D, functional hypoparathyroidism, the increase of sclerostin, pentosidine, decreased bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>низкоэнергетические переломы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>low-energy fractures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kanis JA, on behalf of the WHO Scientific Group. Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health-care level. 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