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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ksma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кубанский научный медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-6228</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9544</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kuban State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25207/1608-6228-2022-29-5-63-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ksma-2882</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риноцеребральная форма инвазивных микозов у пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19: клиника, диагностика, опыт лечения. Проспективное неконтролируемое одномоментное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rhinocerebral Form of Invasive Mycosis in COVID-19 Patients: Clinical Course, Diagnosis, Treatment Experience</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-3341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савосин</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savosin</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савосин Юрий Владимирович — старший лаборант кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии ; старшийординатор отделения челюстно-лицевой хирургии</p><p>ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4, г. Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy V. Savosin — Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery;  Senior Resident, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Clinical Emergency Medical Care Hospital</p><p>Mitrofanа Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2418-1550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафранова</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shafranova</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шафранова Светлана Константиновна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент; доцент кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевойхирургии</p><p>ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4, г. Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana K. Shafranova — Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery </p><p>Mitrofanа Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Skonstantinovna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-2156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайворонская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaivoronskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайворонская Татьяна Владимировна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; проректор по учебной и воспитательной работе, заведующая кафедрой хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии</p><p>ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4, г. Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Gaivoronskaya — M.D, Prof.; Vice Rector for Education and Training, Head of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery</p><p>Mitrofanа Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеева Марина Геннадьевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; заведующая кафедрой инфекционных болезней и фтизиопульмонологии</p><p>ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4, г. Краснодар, 350063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina G. Avdeeva — M.D., Prof; Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Phthisiopulmonology </p><p>Mitrofanа Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-5448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вартанян</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vartanyan</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вартанян Сейран Ашодович — заведующий отделением челюстно-лицевой хирургии ; главный внештатный челюстно-лицевой хирург Краснодарского края; ассистент кафедры хирургии № 2 ФПК и ППС</p><p>ул. 40 лет Победы, д. 14, г. Краснодар, 350042</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seyran A. Vartanyan — Head of Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of Clinical Emergency Medical Care Hospital ; Chief Visiting Maxillofacial Surgeon of Krasnodar Krai; Research Assistant of ICPE, Surgery Department #2 </p><p>40 let Pobedy str., 14, Krasnodar, 350042</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seiran.vartanyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение&#13;
высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Краевая клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care; Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савосин Ю.В., Шафранова С.К., Гайворонская Т.В., Авдеева М.Г., Вартанян С.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савосин Ю.В., Шафранова С.К., Гайворонская Т.В., Авдеева М.Г., Вартанян С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savosin Y.V., Shafranova S.K., Gaivoronskaya T.V., Avdeeva M.G., Vartanyan S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2882">https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2882</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Среди пациентов, перенесших в анамнезе новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, отмечается рост заболеваемости инвазивными микозами. Адгезия и повреждение эндотелиальных клеток зигомицетами приводят к ангиоинвазии гриба, выделению большого количества грибных протеаз, липаз и микотоксинов, сосудистому тромбозу, последующему некрозу тканей.</p><p>Цель исследования — совершенствование диагностики и лечения инвазивных микозов у больных, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Обследование и лечение 143 пациентов с инвазивными микозами челюстнолицевой области в период с августа 2021 по май 2022 года в условиях челюстно-лицевого отделения государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения «Краевая клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края. Диагноз подтверждали цитологическим, культуральным методами, патоморфологическим исследованием операционных материалов. Последующее диспансерное наблюдение проводили в течение 1, 3, 6 месяцев, с проведением повторных исследований компьютерной томографии и магнитно-резонансной томографии. Группу диспансерного наблюдения составил 91 пациент. Использовался метод описательной статистики — определялась частота встречаемости признаков в долях от общего числа наблюдений и выражалась в процентах. Использовались прикладные программы Statistika 12.5 и Excel 2010 (Windows 10), в этих же программах выполнено графическое представление материала.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Манифестация инвазивных микозов челюстно-лицевой области происходила в ранний реконвалесцентный период коронавирусной инфекции в специализированных инфекционных госпиталях или в течение двухнедельного срока после выписки. Типичной клинической формой явился: зигомикоз, риноцеребральная форма, с развитием грибкового остеомиелита верхней челюсти, костей носа, скуловой кости, костей решетчатого лабиринта, основной кости, лобной кости. В 17 (11,9%) случаях произошел летальный исход в результате диссеминированной формы грибковой инфекции, обусловленной грибами рода Mucorales (14 пациентов), грибами рода Aspergillus (3 пациента) с повреждением головного мозга, легких, почек, массивными некротическими повреждениями краниофациальной области, не совместимыми с жизнью. Положительный эффект в лечении был достигнут при использовании комплексного подхода, включающего раннее назначение противогрибковой терапии (Амфотерицин В) и хирургическую санацию очагов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Инвазивные формы грибковых инфекций требуют оперативной диагностики и раннего назначения противогрибковой терапии (не дожидаясь гистологического подтверждения диагноза) для минимизации последствий и предотвращения летального исхода. В связи с неспецифичностью клинических симптомов и трудностями ранней диагностики инвазивных форм зигомикоза и аспергиллеза необходима настороженность врачей в отношении возможности развития инвазивных агрессивных форм микозов у иммунокомпрометированных больных, перенесших в анамнезе новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The incidence of invasive mycoses is reported to increase among patients with a history of new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Adhesion and damage of endothelial cells by zygomycetes lead to fungus angioinvasion, release of a large number of fungal proteases, lipases and mycotoxins, as well as vascular thrombosis, subsequent necrosis of tissues.</p></sec><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Improvement of the diagnosis and treatment for COVID-19 associated invasive mycosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Examination and treatment of 143 patients with invasive mycosis of the maxillofacial area in the period from August 2021 to May 2022 at the Maxillofacial Unit of Regional Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The diagnosis was confi rmed by cytological, culture-based methods, as well as pathomorphological study of surgical specimen. Follow-up monitoring was carried out in 1, 3, 6 months, with repeated CT and MRI investigations. The group under follow-up monitoring included 91 patients. The incidence of signs was determined via descriptive statistics methods in proportion of the total number of observations and expressed as a percentage. Statistika 12.5 and Excel 2010 (Windows 10) were used in the study, the graphical representation of the material was made in the same programs.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Manifestation of invasive mycoses of the maxillofacial area occurred during the early convalescent period of coronavirus infection in specialized infectious hospitals or within two weeks after discharge from the hospital. A typical clinical picture includes rhinocerebral zygomycosis with the development of fungal osteomyelitis of the upper jaw, nasal bones, zygomatic bone, ethmoidal labyrinth bones, sphenoid bone, frontal bone. 17 cases (11.9%) had a lethal outcome as a result of disseminated form of fungal infection caused by Mucorales (14 patients), Aspergillus (3 patients) with damage to the brain, lungs, kidneys and fatal massive necrotic lesions of the craniofacial area. An integrated approach embraced early antifungal therapy (Amphotericin B) as well as surgical debridement of the lesions and provided a positive effect in treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Invasive fungal infections require prompt diagnosis and early prescription of antifungal therapy (prior to histological confi rmation of diagnosis) to minimize consequences and prevent fatal outcome. Due to the nonspecifi c nature of clinical symptoms and diffi culties of early diagnosis of invasive zygomycosis and aspergillosis, it is necessary to be alert to potential invasive aggressive mycoses in immunocompromised patients who have a history of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мукормикоз</kwd><kwd>зигомикоз</kwd><kwd>аспергиллез</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>риноцеребральная форма</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>амфотерицин В</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mucormycosis</kwd><kwd>zygomycosis</kwd><kwd>aspergillosis</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>rhinocerebral form</kwd><kwd>clinical course</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>amphotericin B</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lansbury L, Lim B, Baskaran V, Lim WS. 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