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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ksma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кубанский научный медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-6228</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9544</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kuban State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25207/1608-6228-2023-30-3-25-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ksma-3068</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка функционального состояния почек при ренальных осложнениях у детей в период пандемии COVID-19: обсервационное когортное ретроспективное клиническое исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of Kidney Functioning in Children with Renal Complications During COVID-19 Pandemic:  A Retrospective Observational Cohort Clinical Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1606-4512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмеджанова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Axmedjanova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмеджанова Наргиза Исмаиловна — доктор медицинских наук, доцент; заведующая кафедрой педиатрии № 2.</p><p>Ул. Амира Темура, д. 18, Самарканд, 100400</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nargiza I. Axmedjanova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., is a member of editorial board of Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin.</p><p>Amir Temur str., 18, Samarkand, 100400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89184373436@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-1636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмеджанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Axmedjanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмеджанов Исмаил Ахмеджанович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры детской хирургии № 2.</p><p>Ул. Амира Темура, д. 18, Самарканд, 100400</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismail A. Axmedjanov</p><p>Amir Temur str., 18, Samarkand, 100400</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5021-2800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исмаилова</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismailova</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исмаилова Зиёда Актамовна — ассистент кафедры педиатрии и высшего сестринского дела.</p><p>Ул. Ал-Хоразмий, д. 28, г. Ургенч, 220100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ziyoda A. Ismailova</p><p>al-Khwarizmi str., 28, Urgench, 220100</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5765-0588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаппарова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gapparova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаппарова Гули Нурмуминовна — ассистент кафедры общей гигиены и экологии.</p><p>Ул. Амира Темура, д. 18, Самарканд, 100400</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guli N. Gapparova</p><p>Amir Temur str., 18, Samarkand, 100400</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samarkand State Medical University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентская Медицинская академия, Ургенчский филиал</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench branch</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахмеджанова Н.И., Ахмеджанов И.А., Исмаилова З.А., Гаппарова Г.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахмеджанова Н.И., Ахмеджанов И.А., Исмаилова З.А., Гаппарова Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Axmedjanova N.I., Axmedjanov I.A., Ismailova Z.A., Gapparova G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3068">https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3068</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время нефрология борется с проблемой увеличения числа детей с острыми ренальными нарушениями, резвившимися на фоне инфекционных заболеваний, в том числе после острой инфекции COVID-19, в структуре которых по частоте одно из первых мест занимает пиелонефрит. Недостаточность специфических признаков и явных клинических симптомов, их правильная интерпретация становятся причиной того, что острая ренальная патология на фоне COVID-19 впервые определяется в период стабильного ухудшения функционального состояния почек. Определение механизмов развития осложнений может оказаться сложной задачей из-за отсутствия в настоящее время точного неинвазивного диагностического теста и способствовать формированию необратимого повреждения функционального состояния почек.</p><p>Цель исследования — определить и оценить особенности функционального состояния почек у детей с острым пиелонефритом, развившимся на фоне COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проведено обсервационное когортное ретроспективное клиническое исследование 65 детей с острым пиелонефритом. Также в исследование в качестве группы контроля были включены 20 здоровых детей, которые наблюдались в рамках профмедосмотров. Больные наблюдались на базе государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения «Самаркандский областной детский многопрофильный медицинский центр» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан, в отделении нефрологии. Лабораторный этап исследования выполнен на базе клинико-диагностической лаборатории государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения «Самаркандский областной детский многопрофильный медицинский центр» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан и лаборатории клиники «Иннова» Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан. Период проведения исследования: с января 2021 по декабрь 2022 года. Подбор участников в группы был осуществлен до начала лечения на основании наличия COVID-19 в анамнезе. Таким образом, были сформированы две группы: в 1-ю группу вошли 30 детей с острым пиелонефритом без наличия в анамнезе COVID-19, а во 2-ю группу — 35 больных с острым пиелонефритом на фоне COVID-19. Исследовано функциональное состояние почек на основании изучения функционирования гломерул, проксимальных и дистальных канальцев. Исследованы показатели «мочевого синдрома», определяли лейкоцитурию нейтрофильного генеза, микрогематурию, протеинурию, бактериурию. Полученные данные лабораторных исследований обработаны методом вариационной статистики и приведены в международной системе единиц СИ. Проведение расчетов осуществляли с помощью программ StatPlus версия 7 (AnalystSoft Inc., США).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Ренальные функции снижаются в остром периоде за счет снижения концентрационной функции и функции дистального канальца, более значимое поражение которых установлено у пациентов 2-й группы. В основе выявленных нарушений лежат воспалительные изменения ренальной ткани из-за токсического действия коронавирусной инфекции. Срок заболевания COVID-19 в анамнезе от даты поступления составил от 3 недель до 2 месяцев. Нарушения функции почек у детей, перенесших COVID-19, проявлялись вне зависимости от их клинического полиморфизма, из-за нарушения тубулярных структур (обратного всасывания, ацидо-аммониогенеза, осмотического концентрирования), а также из-за поражения клубочковой фильтрации. Для больных острым пиелонефритом на фоне COVID-19 было характерно статистически достоверное уменьшение ацидогенеза (р = 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Требуется применение мониторинга ренальных функций у детей с респираторными симптомами COVID-19 для ранней диагностики и лечения в случае поражения почек. Для определения скрытой почечной патологии больным с изолированным мочевым синдромом в острый период необходим длительный контроль.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. An increase in a quantity of children with acute renal insufficiency associated with infectious diseases, including COVID-19 is a growing problem in nephrology. Such insufficiency is often expressed in pyelonephritis. Due to a lack of specific signs or obvious clinical symptoms and their correct interpretation, acute renal insufficiency against the background of COVID-19 is first identified in the period of steady worsening of the kidney functioning. An accurate non-invasive diagnostic test is yet to be fully developed, therefore, determination of the mechanisms of complications is considered to be challenging and can contribute to the formation of irreversible renal injury.</p><p>Objective — to determine and evaluate characteristics of the renal status in children with acute pyelonephritis against the background of COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A retrospective observational cohort clinical study of 65 children with acute pyelonephritis was carried out. The study also included a control group of 20 healthy children, who were observed during routine health checkup. The patients were observed at the Nephrology Unit, Samarkand Regional Pediatric Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Uzbekistan. Laboratory examination was carried out on the basis of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory, Samarkand Regional Pediatric Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Uzbekistan, and Laboratory of Innova Clinic, Uzbekistan. The study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2022 and involved participants with the history of COVID-19 before treatment. Thus, two cohorts were formed: group 1 comprised 30 children with acute pyelonephritis and without a history of COVID-19; group 2 consisted of 35 patients with acute pyelonephritis against the background of COVID-19. In order to evaluate the renal status, examination of the glomeruli, proximal and distal tubules was carried out. The study included investigation of “urinary syndrome” indicators — leukocyturia of neutrophil origin, microhematuria, proteinuria, and bacteriuria. The obtained laboratory data were analyzed using variance and given in SI System — the International System of Units. The calculations were carried out using StatPlus 7 (AnalystSoft Inc., USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Renal function is decreased in an acute period due to reduced functionality of concentration and distal tubule, which were more significantly affected in group 2. Inflammatory changes in the renal tissue due to the toxic effects of coronavirus infection underlie the abnormalities detected. The history of COVID-19 is reckoned from the date of admission and ranges from 3 weeks to 2 months. Renal insufficiency in children with COVID-19 history is manifested irrespective of their clinical polymorphism, due to impairment of its tubular structures (reabsorption, acidogenesis and ammoniogenesis, osmotic concentration) and glomerular filtration. A statistically significant reduction in acidogenesis (p = 0.001) was recorded in patients with acute COVID-associated pyelonephritis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Children with COVID-19 respiratory symptoms require monitoring their renal functions for early diagnosis and treatment. Long-term monitoring of patients with isolated urinary syndrome in the acute period is needed to detect the underlying renal disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>острый пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>функциональное состояние почек</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>acute pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>renal status</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">авторы заявляют об отсутствии спонсорской поддержки при проведении исследования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the authors declare that no funding was received for this study.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kellum J.A., Romagnani P., Ashuntantang G., Ronco C., Zarbock A., Anders H.J. Acute kidney injury. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2021; 7(1): 52. 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