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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ksma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кубанский научный медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-6228</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9544</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kuban State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25207/1608-6228-2024-31-5-15-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ksma-3497</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференцированное использование различных типов акушерских пессариев при истмико-цервикальной недостаточности для профилактики преждевременных родов: рандомизированное проспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differential use of various types of pessaries in isthmic-cervical insufficiency for prevention of preterm birth: A randomized prospective trial</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0718-8881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренкова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenkova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захаренкова Татьяна Николаевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии с курсом факультета повышения квалификации и переподготовки.</p><p>ул. Ланге, д. 5, Гомель, 246000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatsiana N. Zakharenkova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the course of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Retraining, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Lange str., 5, Gomel, 246000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tera03@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2330-4509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каплан</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplan</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каплан Юлия Дмитриевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом факультета повышения квалификации и переподготовки.</p><p>ул. Ланге, д. 5, Гомель, 246000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya D. Kaplan — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the course of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Retraining, Gomel State Medical University.</p><p>Lange str., 5, Gomel, 246000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jangel@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3927-2526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Занько</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zanko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Занько Сергей Николаевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки Республики Беларусь, председатель правления БМОО «Репродуктивное здоровье».</p><p>пр-т Фрунзе, д. 81, ком. 2025, Витебск, 210033</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Zanko — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Honored Scientist of the Republic of Belarus, Chairman of the Board, Belarusian Medical Public Association “Reproductive Health”.</p><p>Frunze Ave., 81–2025, Vitebsk, 210033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zankos@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-9367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалевская Татьяна Николаевна — ассистент кафедры общественного здоровья и здравоохранения с курсом факультета повышения квалификации и переподготовки.</p><p>р-т Фрунзе, д. 27, Витебск, 210009</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatsiana N. Kovaleuskaya — Assistant, Department of Public Health and Healthcare with the course of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Retraining. Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University.</p><p>Frunze Ave., 27, Vitebsk, 210009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tena_vit@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение образования «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gomel State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусское медицинское общественное объединение «Репродуктивное здоровье»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian Medical Public Association “Reproductive Health”</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение образования «Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захаренкова Т.Н., Каплан Ю.Д., Занько С.Н., Ковалевская Т.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаренкова Т.Н., Каплан Ю.Д., Занько С.Н., Ковалевская Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharenkova T.N., Kaplan Y.D., Zanko S.N., Kovalevskaya T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3497">https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3497</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Одним из методов лечения истмико-цервикальной недостаточности является применение акушерского пессария. Несмотря на разнообразие выпускаемых пессариев, цель их использования единая — предупреждение преждевременных родов. В то же время разные типы пессариев корректируют разные параметры шейки матки, что не всегда учитывается врачами при выборе пессария и снижает их потенциальную эффективность. Цель исследования — обосновать дифференцированный подход к выбору типа пессария для коррекции истмико-цервикальной недостаточности и профилактики преждевременных родов на основе оценки параметров шейки матки. Методы. Проведено рандомизированное проспективное исследование, включавшее 90 беременных женщин с диагностированной истмико-цервикальной недостаточностью (шифр по МКБ-10 — О.34.3) на сроках 19–24 недели гестации, из которых 41 беременной выполнена коррекция истмико-цервикальной недостаточности акушерским разгружающим пессарием и 49 — цервикальным перфорированным пессарием. При трансвагинальной ультразвуковой цервикометрии оценены параметры шейки матки до коррекции истмико-цервикальной недостаточности и в динамике (1 раз в 4 недели) после введения различных типов пессариев. Статистическая обработка данных производилась с использованием пакета программ Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Tulsa, США) и MedCalc 10.2.0 (MedCalc, Mariakerke, Бельгия). Статистически значимыми различия считали при уровне ошибки р &lt; 0,05. Результаты. После введения акушерского разгружающего пессария при истмико-цервикальной недостаточности происходило уменьшение утеро-цервикального угла со 115 (110; 130)° до 100 (90; 115)° (р = 0,021). Уменьшение утеро-цервикального угла наблюдалось в течение 16 недель применения акушерского разгружающего пессария. После установки цервикального перфорированного пессария отмечалось увеличение длины сомкнутой части цервикального отдела шейки матки с 23 (21; 24) мм до 25 (21; 27) мм (р = 0,009) на срок 4 недели с последующим уменьшением этого параметра. Эффективность обоих типов пессария в отношении предупреждения преждевременных родов оказалась идентичной. В 61 % случаев использования акушерского разгружающего пессария и в 64,7 % случаев применения цервикального перфорированного пессария произошли срочные роды (р = 0,993). Срок преждевременных родов на фоне использования акушерского разгружающего пессария и цервикального перфорированного пессария был сопоставим и составил 247 (230; 253) дней и 245 (225; 254) дней соответственно (р = 0,870). Заключение. Дифференцированный подход к выбору типа пессария для профилактики преждевременных родов при истмико-цервикальной недостаточности определяется исходными ультразвуковыми параметрами шейки матки, когда при увеличении утеро-цервикального угла предпочтительно использование акушерского разгружающего пессария, а при укорочении сомкнутой части цервикального отдела без увеличения утеро-цервикального угла — применение цервикального перфорированного пессария. Дополнительный динамический ультразвуковой контроль после введения пессария любого типа позволяет свое­временно диагностировать такие осложнения, как смещение пессария, отек шейки матки, образование сладжа околоплодных вод, пролабирование плодных оболочек во влагалище и повышенный тонус миометрия, провести их своевременную коррекцию и тем самым повысить эффективность использования пессариев.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Obstetric pessary comprises one of the methods for treatment of isthmic-cervical insufficiency. Despite the variety of pessaries produced, the common purpose of their use consists in preventing premature birth. Various types of pessaries correct different cervical parameters, which is not always taken into account by doctors when choosing a pessary and reduces their potential effectiveness. Objective. To substantiate a differentiated approach to the selection of pessary type for correcting isthmic-cervical insufficiency and preventing preterm birth based on the evaluation of cervical parameters. Methods. A randomized prospective study enrolled 90 pregnant women diagnosed with isthmic-cervical insufficiency (ICD-10 code — О.34.3) at 19–24 weeks of gestation. Of these, 41 women underwent correction of isthmic-cervical insufficiency with an obstetric unloading pessary and 49 women — with a perforated cervical pessary. Transvaginal ultrasound cervicometry evaluated the parameters of the cervix before correcting isthmic-cervical insufficiency and in dynamics (once every 4 weeks) after inserting various types of pessaries. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Tulsa, USA) and MedCalc 10.2.0.0 (MedCalc, Mariakerke, Belgium). The differences were considered to be statistically significant at p &lt;0.05. Results. Inserting an obstetric unloading pessary in isthmic-cervical insufficiency decreased the uterocervical angle from 115 (110; 130)° to 100 (90; 115)° (p = 0.021). A decrease in the uterocervical angle was observed during 16-week-use of obstetric unloading pessary. After insertion of perforated cervical pessaries, the length of the closed part of the cervical region increased from 23 (21; 24) mm to 25 (21; 27) mm (p = 0.009) for a period of 4 weeks with a subsequent decrease in this parameter. The effectiveness of both types of pessaries in preventing preterm birth was found to be identical. Urgent delivery occurred in 61% of cases of using an obstetric unloading pessary and in 64.7% of cases of using a perforated cervical pessary (p = 0.993). The gestational age at preterm birth against the background of the use of obstetric unloading pessaries and perforated cervical pessaries was found comparable and amounted to 247 (230; 253) days and 245 (225; 254) days, respectively (p = 0.870). Conclusion. A differentiated approach to selecting a type of pessary for the prevention of premature birth in isthmic-cervical insufficiency is determined by the initial ultrasound parameters of the cervix. Thus, an increase in the uterocervical angle serves as an indication for an obstetric unloading pessary, while a shortened part of the cervical region without an increase in the utero-cervical angle determines the use of a perforated cervical pessary. Additional dynamic ultrasound control after inserting pessaries of any type allows such complications as pessary displacement, cervical edema, amniotic fluid sludge, prolapse of fetal membranes in the vagina, and increased myometrial tone to be timely diagnosed and corrected, thereby increasing the effectiveness of using pessaries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>акушерский пессарий</kwd><kwd>истмико-цервикальная недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>premature birth</kwd><kwd>obstetric pessary</kwd><kwd>isthmic-cervical insufficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walani SR. Global burden of preterm birth. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020;150(1):31–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13195</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walani SR. Global burden of preterm birth. 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