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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ksma</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кубанский научный медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-6228</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9544</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kuban State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25207/1608-6228-2024-31-4-89-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ksma-3503</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наставничество среднего медицинского персонала: обзор подходов к определению понятия в зарубежных и российских публикациях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mentorship in nursing: A review of approaches to defining the concept in international and Russian publications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-4642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмин Константин Иванович* — кандидат исторических наук, доцент; руководитель Координационного научно-методического центра по социальной работе в системе здравоохранения </p><p>ул. Репина, д. 2а, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Kuzmin — Cand. Sci. (History), Head of the Coordinating Scientific and Methodological Center for Social Work in the Healthcare System of the Sverdlovsk </p><p>Repina str., 2а, Yekaterinburg, 62001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konstantinkuzmin1966@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-916X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Л. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Лариса Евгеньевна — кандидат социологических наук; доцент кафедры инноватики и интеллектуальной собственности </p><p>ул. Мира, д. 19, г. Екатеринбург, 620062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa E. Petrova — Cand. Sci. (Sociology), Assoc. Prof., Department of Innovation and Intellectual Property</p><p>Mira str., 19, Yekaterinburg, 620062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-6550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харченко Вера Сергеевна — кандидат социологических наук; заведующая кафедрой медиакоммуникаций </p><p>ул. Мира, д. 19, г. Екатеринбург, 620062</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera S. Kharchenko — Cand. Sci. (Sociology), Head of the Department of Media Communications </p><p>Mira str., 19, Yekaterinburg, 620062</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение «Свердловский областной медицинский колледж»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уральский федеральный университет имени Первого президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьмин К.В., Петрова Л.Е., Харченко В.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьмин К.В., Петрова Л.Е., Харченко В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzmin K.V., Petrova L.E., Kharchenko V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3503">https://ksma.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3503</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Дефицит кадровых ресурсов здравоохранения в настоящее время является одной из наиболее обсуждаемых тем как в российском, так и в общемировом дискурсе. Наряду с изучением таких важных проблем, характеризующих общее состояние системы оказания медицинской помощи населению, как ее неравномерность, отсутствие доступа к медико-санитарным услугам у наиболее уязвимых групп, низкое качество оказываемой помощи и пр., большое внимание уделяется вопросам повышения профессиональной компетентности, адаптации и удержания специалистов среднего звена в медицинских организациях, в том числе посредством внедрения института наставничества.</p><p>Цель исследования — проанализировать основные подходы к определению понятия «наставничество среднего медицинского персонала» в зарубежной и российской исследовательской литературе.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Сравнительный анализ источников литературы зарубежных и российских авторов, посвященных проблемам понимания, содержания и организации наставничества среднего медицинского персонала, в наукометрической базе eLibrary.ru и поисковой системе по биомедицинским исследованиям PubMed.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены три основных подхода к пониманию смысла и содержания наставничества среднего медицинского персонала: «диадный», «триадный» и «интегрированный» (смешанный). В рамках диадного подхода основное внимание сосредоточено на анализе межличностного взаимодействия наставника и его подопечного, возникающего в ходе специально спланированной, целенаправленной деятельности, ориентированной на динамическое психосоциальное вмешательство в профессиональную жизнь подопечного для устранения пробелов в его знаниях и навыках и повышения уверенности в себе. Выделены основные виды диадного наставничества: индивидуальное, групповое, дистанционное, равное, каскадное и обратное. В рамках триадного подхода в орбиту взаимодействий включаются не только наставник и его подопечный, но и медицинская организация, заинтересованная в кадровой стабильности, повышении профессионального мастерства персонала, росте лояльности и приверженности работе в организации. Особое внимание здесь уделяется функциональности, формализованности и комплексности наставнических программ, позволяющих достичь целей развития медицинской организации и соответствующих конкретной сфере деятельности специалистов среднего звена. В рамках интегрированного (смешанного) подхода внимание исследователей обращено к анализу «негативного опыта» наставничества, возможностей формирования «культуры наставничества» как отражающей в себе интересы медицинской организации, так и дающей простор к развитию отношений «аутентичной дружбы» внутри медсестринского коллектива. Наставничество рассматривается как комплекс мероприятий, влияющих как на наставника и его подопечного, так и на медицинскую организацию в целом и включающих в себя целый ряд фаз, этапов или стадий, различных по своему содержанию и учитывающих интересы трех взаимодействующих сторон. Фиксируется вклад российских авторов в разработку проблем наставничества в ключе понимания вопросов профессионального развития и социокультурной адаптации молодых специалистов в системе здравоохранения, а также моделей наставнических отношений. Наставничество рассматривается не только в ключе специфики межличностных профессиональных отношений, возникающих в процессе взаимодействия наставника и его подопечного, но и в рамках изучения его роли в управлении трудовыми ресурсами, росте вовлеченности в работу медицинских организаций, заинтересованности в результатах труда и повышении уровня приверженности/лояльности среднего медперсонала организации в целом.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В научной литературе представлены разные подходы к определению понятия «наставничество среднего медицинского персонала». Детальное изучение опыта организации наставничества может способствовать качественным улучшениям при разработке программ работы наставников со своими подопечными, а также профессиональной самореализации и наставников, и молодых специалистов среднего звена.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The shortage of healthcare human resources is currently one of the most discussed topics in both Russian and global discourse. Along with the study of such important problems in the healthcare system, as its unevenness, a lack of access to health services among the most vulnerable groups, a low quality of the care provided, etc., much attention is currently paid to the professional competence, adaptation, and retention of mid-level specialists in medical organizations. One possible solution to the above problems is seen in the institute of mentorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. To analyze the main approaches to defining the concept of “nursing mentorship” in the foreign and Russian research literature.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A comparative analysis of literature sources by foreign and Russian authors addressing the definition, content, and implementation of nursing mentorship was conducted using the PubMed and eLibrary.ru databases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Three main approaches — “dyadic”, “triadic,” and “integrated” (mixed) — to defining the concept of nurse mentorship were identified. The dyadic approach focuses on the analysis of interpersonal interactions between mentor and mentee. Such interactions arise during a specifically planned and goal-oriented activity aimed at a dynamic psychosocial intervention in the mentee’s professional life to bridge gaps in his/her knowledge and skills and to increase self-confidence. Dyadic mentoring can be of individual, group, distance, peer, cascade, and reverse types. The triadic approach implies interaction not only between mentor and mentee, but also involvement of the medical organization as a party. The administrators are interested in personnel stability, improved professional skills of the staff, increased loyalty and commitment to the organization. The main focus here is on the functionality, formalization, and comprehensiveness of mentoring programs, allowing the goals of the medical organization to be achieved. Within the integrated (mixed) approach, the negative experience of mentoring and the possibilities of forming a culture of mentorship are analyzed. The mentorship culture, while reflecting the interests of the medical organization, bolsters “authentic friendship” within the nursing team. Mentorship is considered as a set of activities that influence mentors, mentees, and the medical organization as a whole, passing through various development phases and stages in the interests of the three interacting parties. The contribution of Russian authors to the development of mentorship consists in the elucidation of issues related to the professional development and sociocultural adaptation of young specialists in the healthcare system, as well as in modeling mentorship relations. Mentorship is considered not only in terms of the specifics of interpersonal professional relations that arise in the mentor and mentee interaction, but also as an instrument in labor management. Mentorship programs can increase the personnel’s commitment to their profession and the results achieved.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In the current scientific literature, different approaches to defining the concept of mid-level medical personnel mentorship are presented. The existing experience in organizing mentorship programs may significantly improve their qualitative level, thereby contributing to professional self-realization of both mentors and young nursing specialists.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>средний медицинский персонал</kwd><kwd>наставничество</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>сравнительный анализ подходов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nursing staff</kwd><kwd>mentorship</kwd><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>comparative analysis of approaches</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках работы над темой «Наставничество как средство адаптации, профессионального развития и формирования приверженности к длительной работе среднего медицинского персонала в государственном здравоохранении Свердловской области» по Плану государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Свердловской области (2024 год).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out as part of work on the research topic “Mentoring as a means of adaptation, professional development and the formation of commitment to long-term work of nursing staff in public health care of the Sverdlovsk region” according to the State Assignment Plan of the Ministry of Health of the Sverdlovsk Region (2024).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boniol M, Kunjumen T, Nair TS, Siyam A, Campbell J, Diallo K. 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