With Phenotypic Signs of Connective Tissue Dysplasia: Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

Background. The dental health is an integral part of a person's well-being. Students of higher educational institutions comprise a health risk group, since they experience extensive physiological changes and personal socialization. The impact of connective tissue dysplasia on dental health is a relevant research task.

Objective. To analyze the correlation between dental pathology and phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia in first-year students.

Methods. A cross-sectional clinical study of the dental health and phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia was conducted as part of routine dental examination of 263 first-year students of KubSMU, aged 18–23. All participants were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – participants with 0-2 signs of connective tissue dysplasia (n = 108); group 2 – participants with 3 or more signs of dysplasia (n = 155). Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistica 6.0.

Results. Unsatisfactory and poor oral hygiene levels in the group of participants with connective tissue dysplasia outnumber these levels in the control group by 30% and 22%, with very poor level in the second group 2.3 times higher (p ≤ 0.05). The incidence of noncarious tooth pathology in individuals with dysplasia is 26% higher than in the control group. The caries intensity index in group 2 is almost 20% bigger than in the control group. As expected, the group of participants with no signs of dysplasia revealed better periodontal health, namely 51.85% versus 45.81% (p ≤ 0.05). In terms of mucosal pathology, a statistical significant difference between groups 1 and 2 was noted for traumatic injuries (16.35% and 19.35%, respectively). Dentofacial abnormalities were observed more often in individuals with 3 or more phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia.

Conclusion. Higher morbidity rate of caries and noncarious pathology in the group of first-year students with 3 or more phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia, compared to the group with 0–2 phenotypic manifestations of dysplasia, indicated the need to create a database of the dentofacial profiles of students, develop an algorithm for regular medical check-up of students, as well as provide differentiated preventive and therapeutic measures for students with dysplasia.

1. Proskurina N.V. Health conditions of the population in the Russian Federation: statistical aspect. Vestnik Altaiskoy Akademii Ekonomiki I Prava. 2020; 6-1: 77–83 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17513/vaael.1167

2. Grevtseva G.Ya. Importance of health saving technologies in vocational training of students. Contemporary Higher Education: Innovative Aspects. 2019; 11(1): 59–65 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.7442/20719620-2019-11-1-59-65

3. Leontyeva E.Yu., Bykovskaya T.Yu. Prevalence of stomatologic diseases and their professional conditionality at health workers. Kuban Scientifi c Medical Bulletin. 2016; 4: 68–71 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25207/1608-6228-2016-4-68-71

4. Salakhov A.K., Ksembaev S.S., Baykeev R.F., Silagadze E.M. Dental morbidity in Russia. Kazan Medical Journal. 2020; 101(5): 713–718 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/ KMJ2020-713

5. Popov V.A., Vyborova P.S., Gordienko A.A., Moseev R.I., Yushmanova T.N., Gorbatova M.A., Drachev S.N. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Students of the Medical University in the Russian Arctic. Human Ecology. 2020; 6: 46–57 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.33396/1728-0869-2020-6-46-57

6. Ivanova I.I., Makarova I.I., Gnusaev S.F., Koval N.J., Ivanova A.A. Comparative Charactreistics of Methods of Connective Tissue Dysplasia Diagnosis in Children. Human Ecology. 2016; 3: 24–29 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.33396/1728-08692016-3-24-29

7. Sesorova I.S., Shnitkova E.V., Lazorenko T.V., Yakovenko N.V. Comprehensive Assessment of Biomedical Risk Factors for Connective Tissue Dysplasia Development among the Students of Ivanovo Universities. Human Ecology. 2017; 11: 51–55 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.33396/1728-0869-201711-51-55

8. Rajiah K., Ving C.J. An assessment of pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward oral health: An exploratory study. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent. 2014; 4(Suppl 1): S56–S62. DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.144601

9. Yao K., Yao Y., Shen X., Lu C., Guo Q. Assessment of the oral health behavior, knowledge and status among dental and medical undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral. Health. 2019; 19(1): 26. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0716-6

10. Razumova S.N., Karabushchenko N.B., Bait Said O.M., Mkhoyan G.M., Наrutyunyan G.A., Talbiev F.A. Prevalence of dental caries in students with different levels of anxiety. Medicalal phabet. 2019; 3(23): 55–57 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2019-323(398)-55-57

11. Popov V.A., Vyborova P.S., Gordienko A.A., Moseev R.I., Yushmanova T.N., Gorbatova M.A., Drachev S.N. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Students of the Medical University in the Russian Arctic. Human Ecology. 2020; 6: 46–57 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.33396/17280869-2020-6-46-57

12. Asawa K., Chaturvedi P., Tak M., Nagarajappa R., Bhat N., Bapat S., Gupta V., Jalihal S. The association between educational achievements, career aspirations, achievement motives and oral hygiene behavior among dental students of Udaipur, India. Ethiop. J. Health. Sci. 2014; 24(4): 291–298. DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v24i4.3

13. Smoliar N.I., Chukhraĭ N.L. Somatic pathology as a negative factor of enamel resistance of the permanent teeth. Stomatologiya. 2017; 96(6): 44–47 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/stomat201796644-48

14. Martynov A.I., Nechaeva G.I., Akatova E.V., Vershinina M.V., Viktorova I.A., Gromova O.A., Drokina O.V., Druk I.V., Dubiley G S., Ilinykh A.A., Kudinova E.G., Lisichenko O.V., Loginova E.N., Lyalyukova E.A., Nagaeva T.A., Nadey E.V., Plotnikova O.V., Ponomareva D.A., Semenkin A.A., Smolnova T.Yu., Stepura O.B., Suvorova A.V., TroshinI. Yu., Shupina M.I., Yakovlev V.M. National recommendations of the russian scientifi c society of internal medicine for diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with connective tissue dysplаsia. Medical News of North Caucasus. 2016; 11(1): 2–76 (In Russ). DOI: 10.14300/mnnc.2016.11001

15. Ben Salha M., Repina N.B. Clinical diagnostics of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016; 24(4): 164–172 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.23888/PAVLOVJ20164164-172

16. Evsevyeva M.E., Eremin M.V., Koshel V.I. Heredity connective tissue diseases and student’s medical examination: aspects of screening diagnosis. Medical News of North Caucasus. 2016; 11(2-2): 351–353 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.14300/mnnc.2016.11075

17. Grigorovich E.Sh., Polyakova R.V., Samokhina V.I. Peculiarities of dentistric status of adults and children associated with various somatic diseases on the background of display of connecting tissue. Paediatric Dentistry and Prophylaxis. 2018; 17(2): 32–37 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25636/PMP.3.2018.2.6

18. Zakharova I.N., Tvorogova T.M., Solov’yeva E.А., Stepurina L.L., Vorob’yeva A.S. Connective tissue dysplasia: a risk factor for osteopenia in children and adolescents. Medical Council. 2020; 1: 30–40 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2020-1-30-40

19. Kostina I.N., Kochmasheva V.V. The ultrasound visualization of the temporomandibular joint in health. The actual problems in dentistry. 2016; 12(2): 95–101 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18481/2077-7566-2016-12-2-95-101

20. Vagner V.D., Konev V.P., Korshunov A.S., Kuryatnikov K.N., Surkova V.O., Skurikhina A.P., Bondar A.A. Research of the structure of the mineral component of tooth enamel in connective tissue dysplasia by densitometry and atomic force microscopy in the early postpartum ontogenesis period. Stomatologiya. 2020; 99(6): 7–12 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/stomat2020990617

21. Dakuko A.N., Krivtsova L.A., Plekhanova M.A., Konev V.P. New criteria for connective tissue dysplasia severity degree diagnosis in pediatric patients. Therapy. 2019; 5(7): 102–107 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18565/therapy.2019.7.102-107

22. Uspenskaya O.A., Kachesova E.S. Changes in blood chemistry values in the course of treatment of the rapidly progressive periodontitis. The actual problems in dentistry. 2017; 13(2): 33–38 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18481/2077-75662017-13-2-33-38

23. Voloshina I.M., Belikova E.V. High risk dental caries and patient compliance. Endodontics Today. 2020; 18(2): 41–44 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.36377/1683-2981-2020-18-2-41-44

24. Baranov A.A., Albitskiy V.Yu. State of health of children in Russia, priorities of its preservation and improving. Kazan Medical Journal. 2018; 99(4): 698–705 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/KMJ2018-698