FEATURES OF STEROID REGULATION OF CONGENITAL PROTECTIVE FACTORS AND OSTEOTROPIC MEDIATORS OF ORAL FLUID IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES

Aim. To study changes in antimicrobial and osteotropic oral fluid mediators during pregnancy in women with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGР) of mild and moderate severity, taking into account the factor of steroid regulation by cortisol.

Materials and methods. Among the 62 pregnant women (age 18 to 35 years), depending on the presence or absence of inflammatory periodontal diseases, the main group (n=31) with moderate and moderate CGР and control group (n=31) with no disease were formed. In addition, 32 healthy non-pregnant women (age 18 to 30 years) examined the oral fluid in the same diagnostic volume. In the oral liquid, the amount of catelicidin LL-37, osteoprotegerin and cortisol was determined using a solid-phase immunoassay method. Laboratory studies were conducted in I (8-12 weeks), II (13-27 weeks) and III (28-40 weeks) trimester of pregnancy.

Results. In pregnant women with a physiologically pregnant pregnancy and in the absence of dental diseases in the oral fluid with a consequent increase in the concentration of cortisol, there was a decrease in the content of catelicidin LL-37 1 trimester followed by an increase in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of the antimicrobial potential of the oral biological environment, an increase in the concentration of osteoprotegerin that inhibits the activity of osteoresorption in the alveolar bone. In pregnant women with CGR of mild and moderate severity, a marked increase in the concentration of cortisol in the oral fluid was accompanied in the first two terms by an increased content of cathelicidin LL-37 and activation of antimicrobial congenital mechanisms of resistance to pathogenic bacteria, followed by a decrease in the antimicrobial factor to the third trimester of the gestation period, a consistent decrease in the content of osteoprotegerin in mixed saliva.

Conclusion. The presence of CGР of mild and moderate severity in pregnant women leads to a dissociation of the connection between cortisol mixed saliva and immune defense factors, osteotropic mediators in contrast to women who do not suffer from dental pathology during the gestational period. 

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