USING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOR TREATING GINGIVAL RECESSION IN THE EXPERIMENT

Aim. This research was conducted to study the type of clinical changes in the diseased periodontal tissues by means of using mesenchymal stem cells for treating gingival recession in the experiment.

Materials and methods. Adipose tissue in a volume of 1-2 ml was sampled from one specimen in sterile conditions in order to obtain allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells before the beginning of the experimental studies. Random-bred female white rats (60 specimens) were used as a model in the experiment. The surgical intervention was performed in the area of incisors on the upper and lower jaws of rats. All animals were divided into 5 groups (10 rats in each group) depending on the planned method of the treatment. The control group, intact rats, consisted of 10 laboratory animals with a healthy gingiva. The creation of a model of the experimental gingival recession was carried out by the mechanical V-shaped excision of periodontal tissues.

Results. The experimental studies showed the possibility of complete regeneration of the dentogingival papillae as well as periodontal tissues regeneration in the area of the experimental gingival recession during the first 28 days. Meanwhile, there is a complete absence of inflammatory signs in the 5th group (hyperemia, edema, gingival bleeding), along with their significant decrease in the 3rd and the 4th groups that confirms the pronounced therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells and sterile bioplastic collagen material «Collost» (7% gel).

The conclusion. While studying the type of clinical changes in diseased periodontal tissues using mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gingival recession, we established the positive dynamics in the experiment. The decrease in the intensity and prevalence of gingival inflammation starts from the 14th day. On the 28th day there was noted a complete absence of inflammatory signs in the animals after injecting the transplant consisting of the cell suspension on the sterile bioplastic material Collost (7% gel). Furthermore, the significant increase in the regeneration of the gingival margin was observed on the 24th day from the moment of creating the gingival recession model. The complete regeneration of the dentogingival papillae and the absence of the gingival recession were noted on the 38th day of general observation. 

1. Aljamovskij V.V., Shestakova L.A., Jarygin E.I., Shmidt P.A., Lazarenko L.I. The use of rat fetal blood stem cells in inflammatory-destructive processes in periodontal tissues. Dental Institute. 2014; 1(62): 103-105. (In Russ., English abstract).

2. Musienko A.I., Musienko S.I., Kushnir D.V., Musienko A.A. Complex approach to planning treatment of periodontal diseases by growth factor. Stomatology of Kazakhstan. 2014; 3(4): 67-68. (In Russ., English abstract).

3. Dedova L.N., Denisova Ju.L., Kandrukevich O.V., Solomevich A.S., Rose nik N.I. Prevalence of periodontal diseases, caries of the tooth root, sensitivity of dentin and dentoalveolar deformities in the Republic of Belarus according to the results of a population survey in the age groups 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64. Stomatologist. Minsk. 2016; 1(20): 6-53. (In Russ., English abstract).

4. Denisova Ju. L. Modern orthodontic measures in the complex treatment of gum recession in patients with dentoalveolar anomalies. Periodontology. 2008; 4: 74-79. (In Russ., English abstract).

5. Dedova L.N. Systematics of periodontal disease. Dental Journal. 2002; 2: 2-6. (In Russ., English abstract).

6. Denisova Ju. L., Vladimirskaja T.Je Experimental substantiation of application of vacuum-laser therapy in complex treatment of patients with periodontal diseases in combination with dentoalveolar anomalies and deformations. Military medicine. 2013; 1(26): 103-107. (In Russ., English abstract).

7. Rubnikovich S.P., Homich I.S. Bone grafts and substitutes for the correction of defects and augmentation of the jaw bones in implantology and periodontology. Stomatologist, Minsk. 2014; 1(12): 77-86. (In Russ., English abstract).

8. Rubnikovich S.P., Homich I.S. Application of modern osteoplastic materials in surgical dentistry. Stomatologist, Minsk. 2014; 4(15): 56-57. (In Russ., English abstract).

9. Tumanov V.P., Zhakota D.A., Korchagina N.S. 30-year experience in the development and application of cellular technologies in clinical practice. Plastic surgery and cosmetology. 2012; 3: 433-449. (In Russ., English abstract).

10. Sysoeva V. Ju., Ternova Ju.V. Stem cells in dentistry. Modern dentistry. 2012; 2: 28-30. (In Russ., English abstract).

11. Buharova T.B., Arutjunjan I.V., Shustrov S.A., Alekseeva I.S., Fedjunina I.A., Logovskaja L.V., Volkov A.V., Rzhaninova A.A., Grigor'jan A.S., Kulakov A.A., Gol'dshtejn D.V. Tissue-engineering design based on multipotent stromal cells of adipose tissue and "Osteomatrix" material for bone tissue regeneration. Cell Technologies in Biology and Medicine. 2011; 3: 167-170. (In Russ., English abstract).

12. Alekseeva I.S., Volkov A.V., Kulakov A.A., Gol'dshejn D.V. Clinical and experimental substantiation of the use of a combined cell transplant on the basis of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue in patients with a pronounced deficit of the jaw bone. Cellular transplantology and tissue engineering. 2012; 1: 97-105. (In Russ., English abstract).

13. Barmasheva A.A., Nikolaenko N.S., Samusenko I.A. A comparative study of the effect of skin fibroblasts and bone marrow stromal cells encased in a collagen gel on gum regeneration. Periodontology. 2012; 4: 20-25. (In Russ., English abstract).

14. Manashev G.G., Lazarenko L.I., Jarygin E.I., Mutaev Je.V., Bondar' V.S. Prospects for the use of stem cells in the treatment of periodontal disease. Siberian medical review. 2012; 4(76): 3-6. (In Russ., English abstract).

15. Kucevljak V.F., Kucevljak V.I., Omel'chenko E.A., Abirnik A.S., Cyganova I.V. Directed regeneration of bone defects of the alveolar process using bone marrow stem cells on the collagen substrate in experimental animals. Bulletin of problems biology and medicine. 2015; 3(2): 368-374. (In Russ., English abstract).

16. Rubnikovich S.P., Vladimirskaja T.Je., Shved I.A., Vejalkina N.N. Method for modeling experimental periodontitis in animals. Dental Journal. 2011; 1(35): 97-101. (In Russ., English abstract).