RESULTS OF THE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDY OF MASSETERS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERMOBILITY OF HEADS OF THE MANDIBLE BY STANDARD TREATMENT AND USING TRANSCRANIAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

Aim. This research was designed to study the functional state of masseters in patients with hypermobility of heads of the mandible by the traditional treatment and using transcranial electrostimulation.

Materials and methods. There was conducted the examination and treatment of 80 patients with hypermobility of heads of the mandible. All patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group (n=20) received standard treatment, the second group (n=60) received traditional treatment with the inclusion of myogymnastics, massage in the temporomandibular joint area, transcranial electrostimulation, use of the apparatus of A. Sidorenko that limits the movement of the lower jaw. The control group included 10 volunteers without the pathology in the temporomandibular joint. The masseters were studied by an electromyography method before the treatment, in 1 month and in 6 months after the treatment using the computer and Miokom electromyograph. The obtained results were processed with use of the "Statistica Statsoft" program version 6.1 and "Microsoft Excel 2010".

Results. The analysis of the amplitude of bioelectric potentials of the masseters made it possible to establish that when using transcranial electrostimulation and the proposed intraoral apparatus of Sidorenko AN, limiting the amplitude of mouth opening, in 6 months after the end of the treatment in patients with hypermobility of the lower jaw the increased bioelectrical activity of the masseters in the state of relative physiological dormancy disappeared, the amplitude of their contractions (93.2%) normalized.

Conclusion. The results of the electromyographic study of temporal and masseter muscles made it possible to conclude that use of the transcranial electrostimulation and the intraoral apparatus of Sidorenko AN, limiting the movement of the lower jaw, has a positive effect on the functional state of the muscular apparatus in patients with hypermobility of the mandible heads. In the state of relative physiological dormancy the bioelectric potentials of the temporal and masseter muscles decrease, the amplitude of the bioelectric potentials while chewing and maximum compression of the jaws increases. 

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